UKRAINIANS OF ROZSOSHANSKY DISTRICT OF VORONEZH PROVINCE IN THE MID-20S OF XX CENTURY
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2025.37.11
Abstract
Of great importance in modern Ukrainian studies, in particular in Ukrainian ethnological science is the study of the ethnic composition of the population with the involvement of statistical materials of population censuses. This also applies to Ukrainian ethnic lands that were outside the borders of modern Ukraine, including the territory of historical Sloboda Ukraine. In Soviet times, this scientific topic was taboo, and the statistical materials from the 1926 census ended up in a "special store." At the high state level, attention is focused on the need to study Ukrainian ethnic lands in the Decree of the President of Ukraine V. O. Zelenskyi “On the Territories of the Russian Federation Historically Inhabited by Ukrainians” of January 22, 2024.
On the basis of the processing of statistical materials of the 1926 census, the ethnic composition of the population of the Rozsoshansky district of the Voronezh province, its urban and rural population, as well as each of the eight volosts was determined. The ethnic composition of this district, bordering the Starobilsk district of the Ukrainian SSR, was characterised by a predominant Ukrainian population in both rural and urban areas, especially in Rozsosh, the district centre. In six volosts: Bilohirskaya, Vilkhovatska, Mikhailivska, Pidgorenska, Rivne, Rozsoshanskaya, the share of Ukrainians among the total population ranged from 95% to 99%. The vast majority of Russians in the district were concentrated in the Novokalytvyansk and Pavlovsk volosts, but in these two volosts, Ukrainians constituted the majority of the total population. Belarusians and Jews were dispersed in the territory of Rozsoshanshchyna, and even then not in all volosts.
As a result of the policy of Russianization, which was purposefully pursued by the Soviet regime, from the beginning of the 1930-s, the total linguistic and ethnic assimilation of Ukrainians unfolded in the territories of historical Sloboda Ukraine, including Rozsoshanshchyna. Ukraine does not claim lost Ukrainian ethnic lands, but rejects Russian claims to its territory within internationally recognized borders. Quite important and promising is the study of the ethnic composition of the population of other Ukrainian ethnic lands, which are now beyond the state state border of Ukraine.
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